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    A microenterprise, a small or medium-sized enterprise (business) as defined in EU Recommendation 2003/361. To qualify as an SME for EU funding, an enterprise must meet certain conditions, including (a) fewer than 250 employees and (b) an annual turnover not exceeding EUR 50 million and/or an annual balance sheet total not exceeding EUR 43 million. These ceilings apply only to the figures for individual companies.

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  1. Governance, partnership: Projects aimed at increasing the application of multilevel and transnational or cross-border governance, designing and testing appropriate governance structures and mechanisms. Also cooperation between public institutions on any theme.

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Call key data

Climate-related tipping points

Funding Program

Horizon Europe - Cluster 5 - Destination 1: Climate sciences and responses for the transformation towards climate neutrality

Call number

HORIZON-CL5-2023-D1-01-02

deadlines

Opening
13.12.2022

Deadline
18.04.2023 17:00

Funding rate

100%

Call budget

€ 14,000,000.00

Estimated EU contribution per project

€ 7,000,000.00

Link to the call

ec.europa.eu

Link to the submission

ec.europa.eu

Call content

Call objectives

Elements of the Earth system, including ecosystems, can suffer relatively rapid transitions in response to small changes in forcings, a process known as crossing a tipping point. Such transitions are often irreversible: the system does not return to its original state even when the forcing that caused it is brought back to its original value. The transition to a new state would have a high (even catastrophic) impact across multiple regions, physical processes, ecosystems and biodiversity, and should therefore be avoided (in line with the EU’s biodiversity strategy for 2030). Some of these tipping points may have already been crossed or have a high probability of being crossed during this century, like those caused in the ocean by warming, acidification and deoxygenation. Early warning signals, reversibility, hysteresis and resilience should be addressed through appropriate analysis methods. Mitigation pathways and safe operating spaces for humanity should be assessed and communicated to targeted audiences.

The ability and/or sensitivity of global Earth system models (ESM) to simulate tipping point crossings and other non-linear behaviour requires solid process understanding, firmly rooted in observational evidence, including from paleo-records. These processes need to be correctly represented in ESMs. The probability and impact of tipping point crossings and abrupt system changes need to be better quantified for a sound risk analysis (including aspects of irreversibility), addressing for example impacts on agriculture, fisheries, or health. Further, the approach to and crossing of tipping points lead to a loss of ecosystem resilience, causing a compounding effect in ecosystems already stressed due to non-climatic factors, and the potential for cascading impacts across trophic webs and ecosystems.

Projects should build on the results of and cooperate with, past and ongoing scientific research related to tipping points, abrupt ecosystems change and potential mitigation and adaptation strategies at global and regional levels.

When dealing with models, actions should promote the highest standards of transparency and openness, as much as possible going well beyond documentation and extending to aspects such as assumptions, code and data that is managed in compliance with the FAIR principles. In particular, beneficiaries are strongly encouraged to publish results data in open access repositories and/or as annexes to publications. In addition, full openness of any new modules, models or tools developed from scratch or substantially improved with the use of EU funding is expected. Finally, projects should take into account, during their lifetime, relevant activities and initiatives for ensuring and improving the quality of scientific software and code, such as those resulting from projects funded under the topic HORIZON-INFRA-2023-EOSC-01-02 on the development of community-based approaches.

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Expected results

Actions are expected to contribute to all of the following outcomes:

  • New or improved models for climate predictions or projections, which take into account climate-related potential tipping points and their impacts and are relevant for major assessments like those of the IPCC and IPBES.
  • Better understanding of potential compound or cascading effects on climate, ecosystems and society as a consequence of crossing specific tipping points.
  • Increased capacity to identify unknown tipping elements and early warning signals when a tipping point is approached.
  • Contribution to mitigation policies with view to the Paris Agreement and the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2030, taking into account the precautionary principle, with respect to abrupt responses, hysteresis and other non-linear behaviour of the Earth system.
  • Input to adaptation strategies for the most affected regions, globally, addressing the risks of crossing climatic tipping points and related impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity.

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Eligibility Criteria

Regions / countries for funding

EU Member States, Overseas Countries and Territories (OCT)
Moldova (Moldova), Albania (Shqipëria), Armenia (Հայաստան), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna i Hercegovina / Босна и Херцеговина), Faeroes (Føroyar / Færøerne), Georgia (საქართველო), Iceland (Ísland), Israel (ישראל / إِسْرَائِيل), Kosovo (Kosova/Kosovë / Косово), Montenegro (Црна Гора), Morocco (المغرب), North Macedonia (Северна Македонија), Norway (Norge), Serbia (Srbija/Сpбија), Tunisia (تونس /Tūnis), Türkiye, Ukraine (Україна), United Kingdom

eligible entities

EU Body, Education and training institution, International organization, Natural Person, Non-Profit Organisation (NPO) / Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO), Other, Private institution, incl. private company (private for profit), Public Body (national, regional and local; incl. EGTCs), Research Institution incl. University, Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME)

Mandatory partnership

Yes

Project Partnership

To be eligible for funding, applicants must be established in one of the following countries:

  • the Member States of the European Union, including their outermost regions
  • the Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs) linked to the Member States
  • third countries associated to Horizon Europe - see list of particpating countries

Only legal entities forming a consortium are eligible to participate in actions provided that the consortium includes, as beneficiaries, three legal entities independent from each other and each established in a different country as follows:

  • at least one independent legal entity established in a Member State; and
  • at least two other independent legal entities, each established in different Member States or Associated Countries.

Any legal entity, regardless of its place of establishment, including legal entities from non-associated third countries or international organisations (including international European research organisations) is eligible to participate (whether it is eligible for funding or not), provided that the conditions laid down in the Horizon Europe Regulation have been met, along with any other conditions laid down in the specific call topic.

A ‘legal entity’ means any natural or legal person created and recognised as such under national law, EU law or international law, which has legal personality and which may, acting in its own name, exercise rights and be subject to obligations, or an entity without legal personality.

Specific cases:

  • Affiliated entities — Affiliated entities (i.e. entities with a legal or capital link to a beneficiary which participate in the action with similar rights and obligations to the beneficiaries, but which do not sign the grant agreement and therefore do not become beneficiaries themselves) are allowed, if they are eligible for participation and funding.
  • Associated partners — Associated partners (i.e. entities which participate in the action without signing the grant agreement, and without the right to charge costs or claim contributions) are allowed, subject to any conditions regarding associated partners set out in the specific call conditions.
  • Entities without legal personality — Entities which do not have legal personality under their national law may exceptionally participate, provided that their representatives have the capacity to undertake legal obligations on their behalf, and offer guarantees to protect the EU’s financial interests equivalent to those offered by legal persons.
  • EU bodies — Legal entities created under EU law including decentralised agencies may be part of the consortium, unless provided for otherwise in their basic act.
  • Joint Research Centre (‘JRC’)— Where provided for in the specific call conditions, applicants may include in their proposals the possible contribution of the JRC but the JRC will not participate in the preparation and submission of the proposal. Applicants will indicate the contribution that the JRC could bring to the project based on the scope of the topic text. After the evaluation process, the JRC and the consortium selected for funding may come to an agreement on the specific terms of the participation of the JRC. If an agreement is found, the JRC may accede to the grant agreement as beneficiary requesting zero funding or participate as an associated partner, and would accede to the consortium as a member.
  • Associations and interest groupings — Entities composed of members (e.g. European research infrastructure consortia (ERICs)) may participate as ‘sole beneficiaries’ or ‘beneficiaries without legal personality’. However, if the action is in practice implemented by the individual members, those members should also participate (either as beneficiaries or as affiliated entities, otherwise their costs will NOT be eligible

other eligibility criteria

If projects use satellite-based earth observation, positioning, navigation and/or related timing data and services, beneficiaries must make use of Copernicus and/or Galileo/EGNOS (other data and services may additionally be used).

Additional information

Topics

Air Quality, Biodiversity & Environment, Climate & Climate Change, Water quality & management, 
Digitalisation, Digital Society, ICT

Relevance for EU Macro-Region

EUSAIR - EU Strategy for the Adriatic and Ionian Region, EUSALP - EU Strategy for the Alpine Space, EUSBSR - EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, EUSDR - EU Strategy for the Danube Region

UN Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs)

Additional Information

All proposals must be submitted electronically via the Funders & Tenders Portal electronic submission system (accessible via the topic page in the Search Funding & Tenders section). Paper submissions are NOT possible.

Proposals must be complete and contain all parts and mandatory annexes and supporting documents, e.g. plan for the exploitation and dissemination of the results including communication activities, etc.

The application form will have two parts:

  • Part A (to be filled in directly online) contains administrative information about the applicant organisations (future coordinator and beneficiaries and affiliated entities), the summarised budget for the proposal and call-specific questions;
  • Part B (to be downloaded from the Portal submission system, completed and then assembled and re-uploaded as a PDF in the system) contains the technical description of the project.

Annexes and supporting documents will be directly available in the submission system and must be uploaded as PDF files (or other formats allowed by the system).

The limit for a full application (Part B) is 50 pages.

Eligible costs will take the form of a lump sum.

Beneficiaries will be subject to the following additional obligations regarding open science practices: Open access to any new modules, models or tools developed from scratch or substantially improved with the use of EU funding under the action must be ensured through documentation, availability of model code and input data developed under the action.

Call documents

HE-Work Programme 2023-2024, Cluster 5, Destination 1HE-Work Programme 2023-2024, Cluster 5, Destination 1(664kB)

Contact

National Contact Points for Horizon Europe
Website

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